Parental stress as a mediator between parents' emotion regulation and youth's psychological symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study

Mental health in families has been affected by COVID-19 stressors. Parental stress and emotion regulation can moderate the emotional effects on their children. This study analyzes the role of parental stress as a mediating variable between parents' emotion regulation and children's symptoms. Participants were 214 parents of youth aged 3-17 years, who completed an online survey providing information about parental variables and symptoms in their children. The results show that parental stress mediates the relationship between parental emotion regulation and children's psychological symptoms. Thus, parents who used cognitive reappraisal strategy less frequently reported more psychological symptoms in their children and higher parental stress. Parents who used expressive suppression more frequently also reported more psychological symptoms in their children and higher parental stress. The present study provides novel information by relating parental psychological variables with psychological variables in youth during a period characterized by the most significant psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2023. Psy, Soc & Educ.

An Examination of Occupational Therapy Telehealth Service Delivery Among Novice Users During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic allowed for widespread implementation of telehealth as a delivery method for occupational therapy (OT) services. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of novice telehealth OT practitioners regarding telehealth as a delivery method for OT services. Quantitative data was collected through a modified version of the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire and analyzed via descriptive statistics. Qualitative data was collected by open-ended questions and analyzed via thematic analysis. OT practitioners' responses revealed four major themes: logistics of telehealth practice, role of client champions, capacity of the OT practitioner, and styles and approaches. The study revealed that OT sessions delivered via telehealth increased access to clients and continuity of services. Client champion engagement, effective coaching strategies, and practitioner flexibility supported the success of OT telehealth sessions. © 2023, University Library System, University of Pittsburgh. All rights reserved.

Machine Learning Applied to COVID-19: A Review of the Initial Pandemic Period

Diagnostic and decision-making processes in the 2019 Coronavirus treatment have combined new standards using patient chest images, clinical and laboratory data. This work presents a systematic review aimed at studying the Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches to the patients' diagnosis or evolution with Coronavirus 2019. Five electronic databases were searched, from December 2019 to October 2020, considering the beginning of the pandemic when there was no vaccine influencing the exploration of Artificial Intelligence-based techniques. The first search collected 839 papers. Next, the s were reviewed, and 138 remained after the inclusion/exclusion criteria was performed. After thorough reading and review by a second group of reviewers, 64 met the study objectives. These papers were carefully analyzed to identify the AI techniques used to interpret the images, clinical and laboratory data, considering a distribution regarding two variables: (i) diagnosis or outcome and (ii) the type of data: clinical, laboratory, or imaging (chest computed tomography, chest X-ray, or ultrasound). The data type most used was chest CT scans, followed by chest X-ray. The chest CT scan was the only data type that was used for diagnosis, outcome, or both. A few works combine Clinical and Laboratory data, and the most used laboratory tests were C-reactive protein. AI techniques have been increasingly explored in medical image annotation to overcome the need for specialized manual work. In this context, 25 machine learning (ML) techniques with a highest frequency of usage were identified, ranging from the most classic ones, such as Logistic Regression, to the most current ones, such as those that explore Deep Learning. Most imaging works explored convolutional neural networks (CNN), such as VGG and Resnet. Then transfer learning which stands out among the techniques related to deep learning has the second highest frequency of use. In general, classification tasks adopted two or three datasets. COVID-19 related data is present in all papers, while pneumonia is the most common non-COVID-19 class among them.

Relevance of IFNAR2 variants in the mortality of patients with severe COVID-19

Background: The Interferon (IFN)-gamma pathway, including its receptor subunits (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2), is related to hyperinflammation and lower viral clearance in COVID-19. IFNAR2 and the soluble form of the protein have been associated with COVID-19 severity. Aim(s): We aimed to evaluate the association of the IFNAR2 rs2236757, rs1051393, rs3153, rs2834158, and rs2229207 with the clinical outcome (survivors and non-survivors) of patients with severe COVID-19. Method(s): The study included 1,136 patients (67% males, median 56 years old) with severe COVID-19, hospitalized in the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, a tertiary care hospital in Mexico. Variants were assessed using Taqman assays. The association study was performed using PLINK v2. Result(s): Four hundred and fifteen patients died during the hospital stay (36.5%). We found higher minor allele frequencies of the rs2236757, rs3153, and rs2834158 among non-survivors compared with survivors. The analyses of genotypes also showed associations of the dominant model for the three variants (Table 1). The rs2834158 was also associated with a logistic regression model adjusted for age (p= 0.038). Conclusion(s): IFNAR2 variants contribute to the genetic risk for mortality in patients with severe COVID-19. (Table Presented).

Feasibility, Safety and Efficacy of a Combined Supervised Physical Exercise and Nutritional Program in a Selected Population of Luminal Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients: Oncare01 Pilot Study

Background: Supervised exercise programs (SEP) have demonstrated an improvement in quality of life (QoL), cardiovascular health, treatment tolerance and disease outcomes in early breast cancer patients. In metastatic breast cancer (MBC), previous data suggest SEP are safe but no impact on QoL and a low adherence to programs were shown. These studies included a heterogenous population in terms of type of treatments received, numbers of previous lines or comorbidities. From our perspective, MBC profile that could benefit most from SEP needs to be explored. Thus, we conducted a pilot study to assess adherence, safety and impact on QoL of a combined SEP and nutritional program (NP) in a selected population of MBC of patients treated with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (iCDK 4/6). Method(s): This is a prospective, single center, single arm pilot study. SEP consisted in a 12-week intervention with twice a week in-person resistance exercise session. Patients also completed weekly aerobic exercise goals in self-managed sessions monitored with activity trackers. SEP was conducted by registered Physical Activity and Sports Science instructors that followed American College of Sports Medicine guidelines. In addition, participants had an initial nutritional assessment and personalized counselling by a qualified nutritionist. Adherence to treatment, biological variables and QoL assessments (FACIT-Fatigue and QLQ-C30 questionnaires) were collected at baseline (B) and week-12 (w12). Primary endpoint was global adherence (>=70% of attended sessions relative to scheduled sessions). Secondary endpoints included safety, changes in biological variables and QoL. Paired samples t-tests (Wilcoxon) were used to assess biological changes and QoL. Result(s): Patients (n=26) were recruited from October 2020 to November 2021. Median age was 47,5 years (45-55);84,6% of patients were ECOG 0. 42,3% of patients were receiving Abemaciclib;34,6% Ribociclib and 23,1% Palbociclib in first (73,1%) or second (26,9%) line treatment. Patients had bone (69,2%);visceral metastasis (57,7%) or both (30,8%). 2 patients did not start the intervention and additional 7 patients discontinued the program prematurely, the majority of them due to COVID-related concerns. Considering all patients who at least attended one session, global adherence was 66% (39-77,5%) and 45,8% of patients achieved an adherence of >= 70%. Patients reported an improvement in QoL [B global QLQ-C30 66,6 (50-75), w12 75 (66,6-83,3);p 0,0121] and fatigue [B FACIT-Fatigue 37 (30-44), w12 42 (38-48);p 0,0017]. Sit-to-stand repetitions in 30-second period also improved [(B 15 (12-17), 19 (15-23);p 0,0002]. Same benefits were seen in patients with adherence >= 70%. No statistically significant changes were seen in body fat or muscular composition and handgrip scores. Importantly, no safety issues related to study intervention were reported. Conclusion(s): Even though the study was conducted during COVID-19 pandemic, global adherence was 66%. For the first time in MBC, SEP and NP combined program demonstrated to be safe and improved QoL in patients with first or second line MBC treated with iCDK4/6. Further research is needed to identify strategies that improve QoL in MBC.

Association between a Frailty Index from Common Laboratory Values and Vital Signs (FI-LAB) and Hospital and Post-Hospital Outcomes in Veterans with COVID-19 Infection.

OBJECTIVES: Determine the association of higher FI-LAB scores, derived from common laboratory values and vital signs, with hospital and post-hospital outcomes in Veterans hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A retrospective, multicenter, cohort study of 7 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) medical centers in Florida and Puerto Rico. Patients aged 18 years and older hospitalized with COVID-19 and followed for up to 1 year post discharge or until death. Clinical Frailty Measure: FI-LAB. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Hospital and post-hospital outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 671 eligible patients, 615 (91.5%) patients were included (mean [SD] age, 66.1 [14.8] years; 577 men [93.8%]; median stay, 8 days [IQR:3-15]. There were sixty-one in-hospital deaths. Veterans in the moderate and high FI-LAB groups had a higher proportion of inpatient mortality (13.3% and 20.6%, respectively) than the low group (4.1%), p <0.001. Moderate and high FI-LAB scores were associated with greater inpatient mortality when compared to the low group, OR:3.22 (95%CI:1.59-6.54), p=.001 and 6.05 (95%CI:2.48-14.74), p<0.001, respectively. Compared with low FI-LAB scores, moderate and high scores were also associated with prolonged length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and transfer. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study of patients admitted to 7 VHA Hospitals during the first surge of the pandemic, higher FI-LAB scores were associated with higher in-hospital mortality and other in-hospital outcomes; FI-LAB can serve as a validated, rapid, feasible, and objective frailty tool in hospitalized adults with COVID-19 that can aid clinical care.

Association between a Frailty Index from Common Laboratory Values and Vital Signs (FI-LAB) and Hospital and Post-Hospital Outcomes in Veterans with COVID-19 Infection

Objectives Determine the association of higher FI-LAB scores, derived from common laboratory values and vital signs, with hospital and post-hospital outcomes in Veterans hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Design, Setting, and Participants A retrospective, multicenter, cohort study of 7 Veterans Health Administration (VHA) medical centers in Florida and Puerto Rico. Patients aged 18 years and older hospitalized with COVID-19 and followed for up to 1 year post discharge or until death. Clinical Frailty Measure: FI-LAB. Main Outcomes and Measures Hospital and post-hospital outcomes. Results Of the 671 eligible patients, 615 (91.5%) patients were included (mean [SD] age, 66.1 [14.8] years;577 men [93.8%];median stay, 8 days [IQR:3-15]. There were sixty-one in-hospital deaths. Veterans in the moderate and high FI-LAB groups had a higher proportion of inpatient mortality (13.3% and 20.6%, respectively) than the low group (4.1%), p <0.001. Moderate and high FI-LAB scores were associated with greater inpatient mortality when compared to the low group, OR:3.22 (95%CI:1.59-6.54), p=.001 and 6.05 (95%CI:2.48-14.74), p<0.001, respectively. Compared with low FI-LAB scores, moderate and high scores were also associated with prolonged length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and transfer. Conclusions and Relevance In this study of patients admitted to 7 VHA Hospitals during the first surge of the pandemic, higher FI-LAB scores were associated with higher in-hospital mortality and other in-hospital outcomes;FI-LAB can serve as a validated, rapid, feasible, and objective frailty tool in hospitalized adults with COVID-19 that can aid clinical care. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s12603-023-1886-0 and is accessible for authorized users.

Evolution of academic results in the first year of the Pharmacy degree: The last five years

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic forced changes in the teaching methodologies, in both university and high school studies. After this unusual period, in the present course 21-22 the success of the first course pharmacy students of Salamanca University has been strikingly lower than in previous years. These unexpected and undesirable results make it necessary to analyse the academic yield trend of the students in the last years. Method(s): The study was based on the statistics provided by the USAL's grading management programme. The results of the first term corresponding to the last five years, from the course 2017-2018 to the actual 2021-22, were analysed. Result(s): During the first four years of the analysed period, the failure mean value remains nearly constant around the value of 37%. It is worthy to note that this period includes the 20-21 course in which master classes and a main part of the laboratory ones were online, due to COVID-19 pandemic. However, in the present course and despite the return to total face to face teaching, the rate of fails significantly increases to 48%. The university access exam taken by these students has been reviewed in order to make it easier to overcome the difficulties in trying to cover all topics included in the different subjects. These, apparently unreasonable results, could be due to deficiencies in the academic background of the incoming students. Conclusion(s): Two years after the COVID-19 pandemic enduced academic changes, a high increase in the failure percentage has been observed in the first course pharmacy students of Salamanca University. Strategies, such as an initial course, seem to be necessary to be promoted from the faculty, in order to reinforce the background knowledge of the students;which, in turn, will increase the success academic rate of the graduates in the faculty.

Initial sessions of degree in pharmacy internships: Face-to-face versus virtualisation

Introduction: Curricular external internships are a compulsory element of Pharmacy degrees, by the European directive, of 30 ECTS. In the 2019/20 academic year, Specific Training Sessions were organised for the first time for fifth year students prior to their internships. A programme divided into five practical/theoretical workshop presential modules was proposed (electronic prescription, pharmaceutical care, magistral formulation, pharmacovigilance and research in pharmacy). During the 2020/21 academic year, due to the health emergency caused by SARS-Cov-2, it was necessary to hold it in a hybrid mode (face-to-face and online, 20/80%). The third edition (conducted in the 2021/22 academic year) has returned to face-to-face attendance but kept some virtual sessions. The objective of this study is to evaluate the experience of the implementation and subsequent virtualisation of the Pharmacy Degree Internship Initial Sessions and assess the satisfaction of the participants after three years of experience. Method(s): Evidence has been collected through a satisfaction questionnaire completed both by students and speakers. The questionnaire was carried out using Google Forms tool with 26 questions in the first edition, 20 in the second and third, on a Likert-type scale. In addition, open questions were included to allow participants to express suggestions. Result(s): During the first initial sessions, retransmission of virtual sessions at specific times was adopted to refresh access to electronic prescriptions and actions of pharmaceutical technicians. The use of this technology received a positive evaluation from 70% of the students. The good acceptance of this methodology, as well as the pandemic situation in the second year, made this tool essential for more virtualisation. Conclusion(s): The answers received after the first and second edition of the programme made it possible to introduce improvements that contributed to improved overall evaluation from students. The Initial Sessions have been, both in the face-to-face and virtual modalities, a very satisfactory experience for students, teachers and organisers. This initiative has made it possible to integrate knowledge, acquire skills and develop abilities, helping to establish a frame of reference and increase the interest of students in collaborating with pharmaceutical professionals before their internships and their insertion into the world of work.

Advances and Challenges in COVID-19 Vaccination in Latin American: A public health perspective

The vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 has been recognized as a priority strategy to safeguard public health. However, disparities in productive, acquisitive and distributional capacity have led to delays in immunization, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Consequently, global coverage is expected to achieve herd immunity against COVID-19 by 2023 or 2024, although with highly variable coverage percentages among countries. In Latin America, immunization against COVID-19 faces different challenges to achieve herd immunity. To date (February 6, 2022), the countries that had several doses needed to immunize their populations with at least two doses (number of doses between population) were Peru (520.7%), Chile (458.4%), Argentina (298.0%), Brazil (236.6%), Bolivia (206.0%) and Uruguay (unconfirmed doses). On the other hand, Uruguay (210.7%) and Chile (238.3%) have applied twice as many doses as their populations. Argentina (194.3%), Brazil (173.6%), Ecuador (170.3%), Peru (170.3%), Costa Rica (161.1%), and Panama (153.5%) are on the way to achieving this goal. In addition, Latin American countries also showed an insufficient distribution of vaccines and a storage capacity limited to only a few cities and multiple frequencies of vaccine hesitancy. Due to these scenarios, the production of more vaccine doses and equitable distribution to the rest of the population within the Latin American region should remain a public health priority to achieve collective immunity in the shortest time possible. Copyright © 2022 Asociacion Colombiana de Infectologia. All rights reserved.

Personal protective equipment in dental care during covid-19. A review

COVID-19 evidenced the need for preventive protocols to control its spread worldwide. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to compare the current indications and regulations for the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in dental care. For the bibliographic search, keywords such as "Containment of Biohazards", "Personal Protective Equipment", "dental office", "COVID-19" were used during the advanced search in Pubmed and academic Google. Forty regulations were obtained that met all the selection criteria for preventive measures through the use of PPE by the operator and the patient;being more detailed the Sanitary Directive 100-MINSA published in 2020 without evidence of updating in this year 2021. Likewise, in studies carried out on the reuse of masks, it was determined that the most effective method was decontamination with UV-C, which maintains their integrity and filtering capacity. Copyright © 2022 Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado

Antibiotic therapy in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A Systematic review and meta-Analyses

Introduction: The aim of the study is based on determine whether the use of empirical antibiotic therapy increases the risk of death in adult patients older than 18 years hospitalized with COVID-19. Material and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed, taking into account retrospective and prospective studies. The electronic databases Medline/PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and CINAHL were used for the systematic search in the period from December 2019 to May 2021. Odds Ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the random effect, depending on whether or not heterogeneity exists, the Funnel Plot graph was elaborated to assess the risk of bias. Results: 528 articles were located, which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the eligibility of the full texts of 90 studies was evaluated, resulting in 10 articles. The Odds Ratio of the 10 studies_ is 1.55 (1.20-2.01), in favor of the non-use of antibiotics, with an I2 of heterogeneity between studies of 50%, and the empirical antibiotic therapy guided with procalcitonin < 0.5 ng/dl the Odds Ratio was 28.99 (10.17-82.64) with an I2 of heterogeneity of 0%. Conclusion: The results indicate that administering antibiotics without evidence of microbiological data increases mortality in these patients and, on the contrary, not using empirical antibiotic therapy reduces mortality in patients infected with severe COVID-19 who arrived at the hospital. © 2022 Publicado por Cuerpo Médico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo.

Ulnar Neuropathy During COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Case Diagnosis: Ulnar Mononeuropathy following COVID-19 infection. Case Description or Program Description: A 44-year-old male with history of morbid obesity presented with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection resulting in a prolonged hospitalization of 37 days. While admitted he was largely proned, however never required intubation. While hospitalized, he developed numbness, tingling, and weakness in digits 4-5 of his left hand exacerbated by pressure on the elbow. No symptoms were present in the contralateral arm. Setting(s): Academic Acute Care Hospital Assessment/Results: Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and cervical spine were unremarkable. Physical examination of digits 4-5 in the left hand revealed reduced sensation to light touch, an inability to fully extend the digits, and 4/5 strength with abduction. Electrodiagnostic testing demonstrated absent left ulnar sensory nerve action potential when recorded from the left 5th digit and reduced motor conduction velocity across the elbow (39m/s) compared to the below-elbow segment (53m/s) when recorded from the left ulnar abductor digiti minimi, consistent with conduction block. He declined needle electromyography due to potential pain. His hemoglobin A1c was 7.3%. Discussion (relevance): Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) may occur in up to 14.5% of patients with COVID-19 who undergo prone positioning, and the ulnar nerve is the most frequently affected. We present a case of ulnar mononeuropathy during COVID-19 hospitalization. Etiology is likely multifactorial, with prone positioning, similar risk factors, or direct pathogenicity contributing. Compressive injuries of the ulnar nerve have been associated with improper prone positioning. Additionally, PNI shares risk factors with severe COVID-19, namely obesity and diabetes in this patient. The hyperinflammatory state associated with COVID- 19 also increases the risk of PNI. Lastly, COVID-19 invades cells by binding angiotensinogen converting enzyme-2 receptors, which are present in the nervous system. Conclusion(s): COVID-19 infection may be associated with an increased risk of peripheral nerve injuries through a multifactorial mechanism. Further research is needed to establish the association.

Design of a software prototype to make a Tour in the Infantery Museum Marine Park using View 360 technology

Before the arrival of the pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2, the Infantery Museum Marine Park was among the most visited tourist sites in Coveñas, however, due to Colombian decree 457, the museum closed its doors to the visitors, thus avoiding the exposure of the national military heritages that are exposed in it, restricting one of the most important contributions to the educational context in the Caribbean Region. Therefore, the objective of the research is to design the model of a web prototype, using View 360 ° technology, for the remote exhibition of the facilities and heritage of the Infantery Museum Marine Park. The type of research is basic and applied, where a documentary analysis of the 360 ° view technology was carried out, identifying the technical and user requirements for the development of the prototype design, which will integrate 360 ° panoramic photographs and points of access, strengthening the exhibition of the heritages and there was a completely new way for the museum professionals to communicate the exhibits to the public. It is concluded that the proposed prototype meets the functional requirements necessary to solve the problem presented.

Clinical and epidemiological features of patients with COVID-19 reinfection: a systematic review.

Recurrent positivity in a patient with COVID-19 may be due to various reasons, not necessarily reinfection. There is concern about the occurrence frequency of reinfection. Five databases and a preprint/preprint repository were searched. All case reports, case series, and observational studies were included. Bias was assessed for each study with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool and reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA-2020). After eligibility, 77 studies were included for qualitative synthesis (52 case reports, 21 case series, and four case-controls; 1131 patients included). Of these, 16 studies described a second contact with the SARS-CoV-2 positive case, five studies described healthcare profession-related infection, ten studies described that the source of reinfection was likely to be from the community, one study described travel-related infection, nine studies described vulnerability-related infection due to comorbidity. The mean number of days from discharge or negative test to reinfection ranged from 23.3 to 57.6 days across the different included studies. The risk of bias for all case report/series studies was moderate/high. For observational studies, the risk of bias was low. Reinfection of patients with COVID-19 occurs between the first and second month after the first infection, but beyond, and 90 days have been proposed as a point to begin to consider it. The main factor for reinfection is contact with COVID-19 positive cases.

Tomographic scale for the assessment of COVID-19 severity at the National Respiratory Diseases Institute

Introduction: The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has caused high rates of morbidity and mortality. The use of adequate diagnostic methods to identify the evolution of this disease is necessary;computerized tomography (CT) is of the main tools by image, with sensitivity of 96-99%. Different studies have created scales to evaluate the extent and severity of lung disease from COVID-19, with a variability in the results. Objective: To evaluate the use of a tomographic scale (TS) to determine the severity of lung affectation in COVID-19. Material and methods: Analytical cross-sectional study including patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and initial CT. ATS was used to evaluate the lung affectation, to identify pulmonary pattern and to establish the state of the disease. Statistical analysis consisted in descriptive and analytical statistics (ROC curve). Results: 151 patients, mean age 50 years. The predominant pulmonary pattern was «crazy paving» (46%), identified in the phase of progression. The area under the ROC curve was 0.831 (95% CI: 0.764-0.898), with a cut-off value of 16.5 to discriminate the severe from non-severe affectation, with sensitivity 84% and specificity 74%. Conclusion: The use of TS in initial CT showed an acceptable sensitivity to identify the severity of the disease.

TELEPHARMACY: A PILOT EXPERIENCE IN TIMES OF COVID-19 IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL

Background and importance The use of telepharmacy technology allows pharmacists to provide clinical pharmaceutical services to patients who need regular services during the COVID- 19 pandemic while maintaining distance and minimising faceto- face meetings. Aim and objectives To analyse the implementation of a telepharmacy system in a tertiary hospital as a pilot project during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods Prospective observational study conducted from March 2020 to May 2021 in the Outpatient Unit (OU) of the Pharmacy Service of a tertiary hospital. Telepharmacy was implemented by selecting patients who agreed to participate in this project. A circuit was established in which the pharmacist carried out pharmaceutical care to collect relevant information on the pharmacological treatment of the patients, validated the treatment and proceeded to carry out the hospital dispensing, followed by the dispatch of medication to the Pharmacy Office closest to the patient's home. Once the medication had been dispensed, the hospital pharmacist performed pharmacotherapeutic follow-up telephone consultations to check that everything was correct. Results During this period, 5878 patients attended the OU, 2875 (48.9%) were selected to benefit from the implementation of telepharmacy because of their advanced age, mobility problems, vulnerability due to their disease, and distance due to living in a rural area. 33 515 hospital dispensations were done, 15 500 (46.2%) were dispensed through the telepharmacy system, with an average of 6 hospital dispensations per patient. The largest number of patients served by the telepharmacy system were from Neurology (363, 14.6%) with 2136 dispenses (18.0%), followed by Rheumatology (348;14.0%) with 1832 dispenses (15.5%), in third place was Dermatology (191;7.7%) with 889 dispenses (7.5%) and in fourth place Pneumology (112, 4.5%) with 792 dispenses (6.0%). The average number of dispensations per month at OU was 2700, of which 1500 were face-to-face and 1200 were shipments. Conclusion and relevance The implementation of telepharmacy has been a new challenge for the Pharmacy Service. It has proved to be a helpful tool to facilitate pharmaceutical care and hospital dispensing of medicines during the pandemic, avoiding face-to-face visits.

Postpartum depression during COVID-19 pandemic

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of postpartum depression during the CO-VID-19 pandemic and the factors associated with infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational, analytical and cross-sectional study and carried out in patients attended at Hospital Dr. José Eleuterio González from February to May 2021 after 24 to 48 hours of puerperium. The Edinburgh Scale was applied in writing. Positive screening was considered for postpartum depression with a score greater than 10. Two groups were compared: patients with a history of positive COVID-19 test and those without. Patients with chronic degenerative diseases, rheumatic diseases, pregnancy with death or malformations were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 116 patients were studied: 56 positive for COVID-19 and 60 with no history of disease. The prevalence of depression was 15%. A history of COVID-19 added 2 positive points to the Edinburgh Scale, although it did not result in a factor associated with depression. Factors associated with a score greater than 10 were: junior high and high school education, and male sex of the newborn. Newborn sex resulted in similar percentages in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 contingency and history of SARS CoV-2 infection showed no association with depression. Higher schooling and male birth were observed in women with Edinburgh Scale score greater than 10. © 2022 Asociacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia. All rights reserved.